Tuesday, June 25, 2019

Sufism and Santmat--ALLAH AGAM KHUDAII BANDE





INTRODUCTION
 Sufism and Santmat
Sufism claims origin about 1500 years back from Islamic thought defined by Prophet Mohammad (PBUH), subsequently amplified and followed by his successors starting from Hazrat Ali, who happened to be the son-in-law and nephew of the Prophet.
Earlier Sufism spread in Middle East— Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Syria, Iran, and Iraq. Some of the well- known names of Sufi Murshid are Mansur, Al-Ghazali, Bayzid-Bistami, Shamz –Tabriz, Melvana Rum, Moinuddin Chisti, Rabia Basri, Bakhtiar Kaki, Hafiz, Baba Farid, Nizammudin Aulia, Aamir Khusro,  Sarmad, Sultan Bahu, Baba Bulle Shah, Waris  Shah, Gulam Farid etc. There are several derivatives of Sufism called-Kadris, Chistis, Naqshbandis , Suharwardis  etc depending upon the methodology of accessing inner Awareness.
 Some  of the Sufi Masters migrated to the Indian subcontinent (especially between Afghanistan and Central India) 700 years back, because of invasions of Mongols in the Middle East and eastern Europe (between 1200-1300 AD). An animated Map of growth of Mongolian Empire is given in the link below --
The message of Sufi Masters is of One God, Tuheed--Oneness of God (the Truth) or Monotheism in the entire creation—that God can be realized by a seeker (Murid) with the grace of a perfect Master (Murshid, Insan-e kamil) who is the “Word made flesh” or God incarnated in human body. Tuheed prohibits worship or reverence of deities.
The prime aspects of the teachings of a Murshid is to make Murid “lovingly” conscious of one’s connectivity with Allah by invoking the inherent but sleeping power of Kun or Bang-e-Asmani, Kalam-e- ilahi  within the human body through a specified meditative concentration.
The love for the Master Murshid (understood as  Ishq and then Virah—passionate yearning) and life style (of Tussavf**) subdues the outward and down ward tendencies of human mind (nfas) and raises Murid’s state to that of  “fnaa”—self-annihilation. Fnaa is extinguishment of the conscious self or khudii, for merging into Totality of Consciousness called Khuda.
** Tussavf means detachment and total exclusion from the pull of world; truthfulness, purity of mind, obedience; faith, trust and passionate yearning for the Murshid; mental renunciation of self, inner intention of self-annihilation. (त्याग , तोबा, सचाई, सफाई , सदाकत , विश्वास , विरह , फकीरी और फना )
Four well known steps of Sufism are—
a)      Shariat, following the path of Dharma.—righteousness as defined by any religion or a Master. The intrinsic aim and  purpose or “maqsad” of Shariat is to lead a life that benefits the soul for higher realization , but Maulvis or Kazis of Islam have applied Shariat for the appropriation of daily life, necessities, money, property and social welfare.    
b)        Tareeqat, to obtain a technique or method of self- realization from a Murshid on how to meditate or do Muraqaba—(an Arabic word meaning "to watch over", "to take care of", or "to keep an eye" for meditation. The sitting ceremony in which Muraqaba is taught iscalled is called Bayaid. Meditation takes care of spiritual heart (or soul), and acquires knowledge about it, its surroundings, and its creator. This is the core concept of Sufism). This includes a life style of purity consistent with precepts of the Murshid.  {Note- Spiritual heart is different from the physical heart which is an organ of the body. The  seat of the spiritual heart is deemed at the forehead just above the eye centre.}
c)        Marfatt, is intensive application of the technique defined by the Murshid for equanimity of mind with the help of Zikr (simran), Fikr (awe of  presence of God), Tussavar (dhayn or focusing attention on the form of Murshid), and Riayazat (practice of of Zir, Fir and Tussavar).
d)      Haqeeqat is experiencing the Truth.
The focus is to quit the ritualism of Shariat and tread inner path starting from “Shahrag”—the invisible jugular vein in the forehead above two eyes and then progressing towards higher consciousness.   
Santmat has its roots in Northern India. The spiritual legacy of the past was renewed with the advent of Saint Kabir Sahib and Guru Nanak Sahib and their successors in 14th-15th century. They were followed by other mystics of Hindu origin like Namdev, Ravidas, Pipa, Beni, Bhikhan, Trilochan, Surdas and many more. More recently, in 19th century, Tulsi Sahib of Hathras, Soami Ji of Agra extended the same line of Nam-Simran bhakti for the One God Who is eternal Truth. The path is of experiencing Divinity trough a pre-defined path of Mysticism.
Sri Guru Granth Sahib, (compiled primarily by Guru Arjan Dev Ji for hymns of 5 gurus and later on inclusion of hymns of 9th Guru, Teg Bahadur by  the 10th Guru Gobind Singh Ji )   contains hymns of 6 gurus, 17 bhagats like Kabir, Namdev, Ravidas etc-- and 11 poets/Bhatts. While the Granth acknowledges and respects the scriptures of Hinduism and Islam, it does not imply or endorse a moral reconciliation with either of these religions.
 Though Ram-Krishna Bhakti or Devotional Puja has been prevalent in India since ancient times in a diversified manner in the form of Idolatry, Pilgrimages, Reading and Reciting of Holy scriptures, applications of specified Mantras, Havans , Fastings etc--- Sant Mat equates it to “Sharia” of Sufism and Islam, dominated by priestly class, that is far removed from spiritualism.
ü  Traditional idolatry is symbolic of worshipping a form of God, Who is formless.
ü  Pilgrimages represent purification of mind but bathing in holy places is ritualism of cleaning the body only;
ü  Recitation refers to reading of the inner experiences and teachings of the mystics (without applying them on our own selves);
ü  Mantras mean to create holy vibrations externally or for some materialistic benefit;
ü  Fasting is meant to control the sensual desires (of Gyan and Karm Indiryas) to keep a good karmic profile.  
Sant Mat believes that external ascetic practices have limited benefits and keep the soul tied to the creation where it suffers in the cycle of 84.
a.       Sant Mat like Sufism believes in a mystical relationship between the Shishya and living True Guru—just like Murid and Murshid.
b.      Guru guides the disciple into technique of Nam –Simran Bhakti, (Simran is repetitive remembrance and Bhakti is Bhav=Love, and Kriti= karna in which the emphasis is of reciprocal love and devotion, where the devotee loves God, and God loves the devotee); advises do’s and don’ts of life style to subdue the power of mind from outward direction and pull it to the inner self.  A true Guru or Murshid is mandated to initiate the disciple. This is akin to Tareeqat of Sufis.
c.       The disciples pursue the path and validate inner experience by intensive meditation. Mind is rendered inert. This is equivalent to Marfatt.
d.      The process of acknowledging Reality, when blessed is called Sat or Haqeeqat.
The major parallelism is of living Murshid or Satguru or Guru or Perfect Master—who in human form blesses the Murid, Shishya, Seeker, Disciple, and Aspirant--the method of getting in touch with the Shabd, Nam, Kun, Word or invisible formless Lord.  The real form of Satguru and the shishya is shabd –the one in the realized state and the other in unconscious state. The starting point is the body (Sargun state, of attributes), while the end or realization is of formless Shabd (Nirgun state of without any attributes) of both the seeker and the sought.
Fifth Guru has rendered a very beautiful composition in Granth Sahib corroborating a synthesis of Sufism and Sant Mat.


ALLAH AGAM KHUDAII BANDE
अल्ला अगम खुदाई बन्दे
FIFTH GURU PAGE 1083 SGGS

          1.         अल्ला अगम खुदाई बन्दे// छोड़ ख्याल दुनिया के धंदे//
          2.         होय पे खाक फ़क़ीर मुसाफिर एह दरवेस कबूल दरा//
Listen oh man, the slave of inaccessible God; forsake thoughts of worldly pursuits if you are seeker of God. Ye be a traveler—unattached to the creation-- like humble dust and that is what is accepted of a Dervish or a mystic monk-- in the Lord’s court. 
          3.         सच निवाज यकीन मुस्सला //मनसा मार निवारो आसा//
          4.         देह मसीत मन मौलाना कलम खुदाई पाक खरा//
Let the Truth be your prayer (namaz) and faith be “prayer mat”; extinguish desires and mollify hopes. Let this body be a mosque; your mind a priest of Lord by remembrance of holy word of true purity.
          5.         सर सरीअत ले कमावे//तरीकत तरक खोज टोलावे//
          6.         मार्फ़त मन मार अब्दुल्लाह, मिले हकीकत जित फिर न मरा //
The seeker may follow a life of righteousness (Shariat), getting blessed by a Master (Tareeqat), practicing meditation, and attainment of knowledge by equipoise state of mind (Marfatt) and realization of the Truth (Haqeeqat), to get rid of cycle of birth and death..)
 (Note: There are five pillars of Islam mandated for all those who can perform them. They are, faith in One God, Namaz or prayer five times a day by remembering the Lord as per Koranic verses , Zakat or charity, Roza or fasting in the month of Ramzaan/Ramadan and Hajj or visit to Mecca/Makkah in Saudi Arabia once in life on the given dates in the month of September. These with other aspects are covered in the succeeding verses.)
          7.         कुरान किताब दिल में कमावे// दस औरत राखो बद राही //
          8.         पांच मर्द सिदक से साधो, ख़ैर सबूरी कबूल परा//
Practice the teachings of Holy books like Koran and other scriptures with all sincerity of your heart. Rein in the ten sensual organs (referred as women due to patriarchal pattern of Indian society)—five karma indriyan (feet, hands, mouth, anus and reproductive organ) and five Gyan Indriyan (eyes, ears, nose, tongue and skin).
Control the five (men) perversions of mind—lust, anger, greed, attachment to the world, ego—with love, faith, charity, patience, contentment and you shall be found worthy of Lord’s acceptance.
          9.         मक्का महर रोज़ा पे खाका // बहिश्त पीर लफ्ज़ कमावे अंदाज़ा //
        10.        हूर नूर मुशक खुदाया, बंदगी आल्हा आल हुजरा //
Visit to the holy shrine of Mecca is symbolic of grace of the Lord; Roza or fasting represents the humility, the feet of dust of the holy people; let paradise be your practice in abiding by the teachings of the Murshid; Hoor or the most beautiful woman and her perfumery, is the Divine Light of the Lord; meditation is Lord’s simran or remembrance in a solitary chamber.

        11.        सच कमावे सोई काजी, जो दिल सोधे सोई हाजी//
        12.        सो मुला जो मालून निवारे, सो दरवेस जो सिफत धरा //
Those who live life of truthfulness is deemed Kazi—(Kazi is the magistrate or judge of a Sharia court, who also exercises extrajudicial functions, such as mediation, guardianship over orphans and minors). The one who purifies the mind is deemed Haji-- a Muslim person who has successfully completed the Hajj to Mecca. The holy mullah or priest is the one who sheds perversions of mind; mystic monk is the one who meditates on Nam or Kalma blessed by his Murshid.

        13.        सबे वख्त सबे कर वेला, खालक याद दिले मह मौला//
        14.        तस्बी याद करह दस मर्दन सुन्नत सील बंधान बरा//
The heart should be immersed in the remembrance or Zikr or Simran of the Creator all the time and occasions. Let rosary be constant reminder of reining ten sensual organs into state of numbness by attaining nobility and impeccable character.   

        15.        दिल में जानो सब फिल्हाला, खिलकत बिरादर हमू जंजाला //
        16.        मीर मलक उम्रे फानया एक मुकाम खुदाए दरा//
Know in your heart that this creation is transitory including the family, relationships, near and dear siblings. The powerful Kings, rulers, and rich nobles are all doomed and mortal; only the abode of One is the place of permanence.

         

GUR SARNAII SAGAL NIDHAAN Page 1271 AG




GUR SARNAII SAGAL NIDHAAN Page 1271 AG
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गुर सरनाई सगल निधान// साची दरगाह पाईये मान //भरम भऊ दुख दर्द सब जाये // साधसंग सद हर गुण गाये//
मन मेरे गुरु पूरा सलाह //नाम निधान जपहु दिन राती मन चिंदे फल पाए// RAHAO //
सतगुर जेवड अवर न कोई // गुर पारब्रहम परमेसर सोई//जन्म मरन दुख ते राखे // माया बिख फिर बाहूड न चाखे//
गुर की महिमा कथन न जाये // गुर परमेसर साचे नाए// सच संजम करनी सभ साची// सो मन निर्मल जो गुर संग राची//
गुर पूरा पाईये वडभाग//काम क्रोध लोभ मन ते त्याग // कर किरपा गुर चरण निवास// नानक की प्रभ सच अरदास //
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NARRATIVE IS IN TWO PARTS.
FIRST PART IS RAHAO AND
THE SECOND PART FOR THE REST OF SHABAD

====================================================
Satsang PART 1  RAHAO KADI
गुर सरनाई सगल निधान// साची दरगाह पाईये मान //भरम भऊ दुख दर्द सब जाये // साधसंग सद हर गुण गाये//
A perfect master makes the seeker aware of treasure of nam (सगल निधान). The dichotomy is that while the treasure of Nam is within all of us, we are unaware of it by Divine design. Access to awareness of Nam is feasible by grace or रहमत or नदर or दया orमैहर of Guru. (Guru Amar Das Ji also says —नानक नाम निधान है गुरमुख पाया जाये page 590 AG)
By surrendering (सरनाई) means strict adherence to the teachings of living Guru about Nam—also called Shabad, Word, Kunn, Naad, Dhun, Music of spheres, transcendental sound and light are made aware to us by the Grace of the Guru.. (कुन कुरान में है लिखा अल्ला –हु-अकबर के लिए --- Tulsi sahib; “in the beginning was the Word”-----Bible or अंतर जोत निरंतर बानी सचे साहिब से लिव लाई Guru Nanak sahib—page 634 AG)
What is hindering our realization of Nam, due to which we cannot become aware (पाईये मान) of our eternal abode (साची दरगाह)?   
These are भरम and भऊ. The doubt or delusion represents भरम or वहम or duality and multiplicity, that creates division of “One” into infinite entities. The divisionary and illusionary nature of mind creates sense of envy, superiority and inferiority, good and bad, beautiful and ugly that generates fear (भऊ) amongst each other which is causative factor दुख दर्द.
The Lord’s attributes defined by Guru Nanak Sahib in Mool –mantra of Jap Ji-- is “Nirbhao” and “Nirvair” because there is none else other than the One.  Until we realize that Oneness through submission and surrender to the Guru-who is “Word made flesh” we will remain in the perpetual commotion of दुख दर्द.
 Attuning to Nam in meditation (हर गुण गाये) is being in company of saints (साधसंग). Here singing or reciting is not to be confused with chanting with musical instruments. Meaning of साधसंग is to live meditative way of life advised by the Guru.

मन मेरे गुरु पूरा सलाह //नाम निधान जपहु दिन राती मन चिंदे फल पाए//
HUMAN mind is generally engaged in karm –kand, which includes Sato Rajo and Tamo Gun or ascetic way of life or pleasing the Lord through pilgrimages, charities, reading and reciting holy scriptures. These are all futile. These are ways of Manmukh. Says Kabir Sahib- रज गुण तम गुण सत गुण कहिये एह सब तेरी माया (page 1123), that “all the characteristics of Rajo/Tamo/Sato gunn are part of your veil of illusion”.  Fifth Guru mentions—तीन गुणा इक सकत उपाया, महा माया ता कि छाया (868) means “through the process of the three Attributes was created a power Mahamaya that has cast its shadow”.
 (ALSO See page 68 of AG— त्रह गुणा विच सहज न पाईये ---------निर्गुण नाम निधान है).
Mind is both an enemy and friend. If it is concentrating in the world or in outward/ downward direction, it becomes an enemy of the self for Divine realization. When mind is detached from the worldly desires, pulls the attention in inward and upward direction-- then it is the greatest friend for harmony with Lord.
 To rein wayward tendencies of mind Guru Sahib says-- abide by the advice of nam bhakti revealed by the Perfect Master (गुरु पूरा सलाह). Third Guru says (page 37 AG)—मन मेरे सतगुरु के भाने चल, निज घर वसो अमृत पीयो ता सुख लहो महल ---- oh my mind, remain in harmony with Guru’s Shabad/Divine to relish “nectar of eternity” for bliss of the Lord’s abode.   
Loving and intense meditation or perpetual remembrance will deactivate the cravings of mind for trinkets of this tinsel world and it will realize its glorious Self. Mind will get release form the cycle of birth and death; get awareness that it is the part of the Divine—to which it had forgotten (मन चिंदे फल पाए). Baba Ji often quotes – मन तू जोत सरूप है अपना मूल पछान// मन हर जी तेरे नाल है गुरमति रंग मान page441 AG—Oh mind you are integral part of the Divine Light—please realize that. Lord is within you—but that understanding can come only through the grace of the Guru.
(Note--मन चिंदे फल पाए may not be construed for any material or physical items or gains or fulfilment of targeted objective through nam bhakti, because that will again entrench or pull the human being into the cycle of come and go.)  



PART 2

Page 1271 सतगुर जेवड अवर न कोई // गुर पारब्रहम परमेसर सोई// ---

NOTE—  Sri Guru Granth Sahib’s  reference to  (Satguru) is for true Guru as living friend, teacher and mentor - guiding the disciple from the outer perishable world to the experience of Truth everlasting - is a central pillar of the Gurbani’s spiritual tradition. Guru Nanak Sahib says in Mool Mantra of Jap Ji—गुर प्रसाद जपthat Lord can be realized with the grace of Guru, through the meditation prescribed by Him. Then in Gurbani each Shabad starts with prayer of --इको सतगुरु प्रसाद”—that the One can be realized by the Grace of the Satguru. Another invocation is of revering all Gurus of all times -- आद गुर नमः जुगाद गुरु नमः श्री गुरु देवो नमः सतगुर नमह—I bow in humility to the primal Guru; and Guru of all ages; to the Guru of my Guru; and my Satguru        
Limited in awareness by their physical and mental reality, human beings are yet blessed with unique capability of awakening the soul (surat) while in human form.
Infact all persons are spiritual beings having human experience. The mystical relationship with the Guru also starts at the human level, which is the beginning of a spiritual process towards recognition of the disciples’ true self. Love for the physical form of Satguru first transmutes to the Shabad form of Satguru through meditative awakening of the surat (consciousness) and then culminates into love for the Formless—immaculate Name that is the truest Guru to which Hazur has personally written as “May my love for the form culminate into the love for the formless”.
Guru Nanak Sahib concludes in Jap Jiजिन्नी नाम धेहया गये मुश्क्त घाल //नानक ते मुख उजले किती छुटी नाल// the interpretation of किती छुटी नाल could be understood as merging into the formless Reality.

MEANING
सतगुर जेवड अवर न कोई // गुर पारब्रहम परमेसर सोई//
None equals the glory of Satguru. There is no difference between the Lord and the Guru.
 Satguru (सतगुर) means the one who reveals the technique/method/secret (गुर) of accessing the truth (सत). The Guru removes the darkness of ignorance and illusion, and blesses the radiant light of the Reality—the Truth. बाझ गुरु है अंध गुबारा page116—Third Guru( without Guru there is pitched darkness and blindness).
Satguru reminds about the lost connectivity (meaning awareness) of the Lord with the disciple. (जन्म जन्म का टूटा घाडे page 191)The entire santmat revolves around Satguru.मेरे सतगुरा मैं तुझ बिन अवर न कोई//हम मूरख मुगध सारणागति ,, कर किरपा मेले हर सोई// (None is comparable to exalted status of my Satguru—we are foolish and innocent and seek your sanctuary. Bless us for realization of the Lord.)
The real form of Satguru is Shabad, which cannot be seen or heard or inferred--- not because Shabad is limited, but because, we as human beings are limited. The instrumentation of mind cannot comprehend the greatness of Shabd Guru as the Lord.
Thus Shabad Guru or the Lord in His abundance grace, manifests in human form in the purity of flesh or “word made flesh” to communicate with sincere seekers to explain the method of getting aware of the Shabd resonating within all of us, which is the basis of this cosmic and para-cosmic  existence.

Gurbani elaborates-- Shabd is the real Guru and the Surat, the soul consciousness, is the real disciple. शब्द गुरु सुरत धुन चेला
Baba Jaimal Singh Ji writes to Hazur Maharaj Sawan Singh Ji in one of the letters in Parmarthi Pattr----सतगुरु शब्द स्वरुप है जा का आद न अंत// काया मे ही दर्श है निश्चे मानो संत // Baba Bulle Shah says of his Murshid-- Shah Inayaat Khan –मौला आदमी बन आया// The beginning on the spiritual path starts from the physical forms of the Master and the seeker.
The human body of the true Guru has limitations, like the physical bodies of seekers, because they are bound by their nature to change and cease to exist, whereas the Guru-Seeker (Surat) relation­ship is eternal, the soul being a part of the Lord. आतम में राम राम में आतम चीनस गुर बिचारा--  God abides in the soul, the soul in God.

There are three prominent types of guidance blessed by the Guru.

Ø The first at the physical level is that of transitory and constantly vanishing reality of this world of Maya. (कूड़ कूड़े निहों लगा विसरैया करतार// किस नाल कीजेय दोस्ती सब जग चलन हार//). Advice given is to shun attachment with this world of maya and follow a path “to know thyself”.   

Ø The second is of initiation (to the method) of Nam-meditation and stressing about  a life style that is conducive for the said meditation, living in His will with love, humility, gratitude, truth and patience. (सतगुर दाता हर नाम का प्रभ आप मिलावे सोई// (Only the satguru can bless with the technique of awareness of nam, though that may be resonating within the body.)  

Ø The third guidance-- is that the Surat, Guru and the Lord are in oneness—and that there is only One and One Lord sans any thought of ego or duality or Hoame. नानक हुक्मे जे भुजे ता होअमे कहे न कोई // except the Hukam –the rest is a fake existence. The three are profoundly interlinked.

There is no way to recognize a perfect Master, until He wishes to reveal Himself. He seeks his own sheep as a Shepard to which Jesus has called as the marked souls. Nevertheless some of external signs of “perfect living saints” are mentioned below--
He teaches how to access--
a.  The “Word” (Shabad or Nam) vibrating “within” the seeker;
b.  That Lord can be realized “within” the human body by focused meditation on the third eye;
c.  Preaches that ascetic practices’ (fasting, pilgrimages, living a life of seclusion, singing and recitations of holy scriptures)  rewards are limited, within the domain of cycle of come and go;
d.  Shows no miracles to pull the attention of the public;
e.  Makes no distinction on color, caste or religious grounds;
f.   Stresses on leading a balanced life of a householder with a lacto –vegetarian diet and living with honest means.
g.  To accept all events of life “happily” in the will of the Lord (Raza) -- with attitude of gratitude.
h.  A true Guru leads an honest life with his own personal earnings and does not create liability on others. He is a well- wisher of all. गुरु पीर सदाए मंगन जाये ,तो को मूल न लगिए  पाए // घाल खाए कुछ हथी दे नानक राह पह्चने से // page 1245

The intrinsic meaning of सतगुर जेवड अवर न कोई
According to Gurbani, Gyan Marg---the path of knowledge and wisdom, Dhayan Marg—the path of meditation, the path of performing good Karmas or deeds--- cannot capture the vastness of Lord’s excellence. Living Satguru is the only refuge of my life that saves my honor.     
--- ज्ञान ध्यान कुछ कर्म न जाना, सार न जाना तेरी// सब तों वडा सतगुरु, नानक जिन कल राखी मेरी//
मुरशद मैनूं हज्ज मक्के दा,रहमत दा दरवाज़ा हू ।
करां तवाफ दुआले किबले,हज्ज होवे नित ताज़ा हू ।
कुन फयकून जदों दा सुण्या,डिट्ठा अल्ला दा दरवाज़ा हू ।
मुरशिद सदा हयाती वाला बाहू,ओहो खिज़र खुवाज़ा हू ।
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 The next subject of this verse on birth and death; also on Maya

 जन्म मरन दुख ते राखे // माया बिख फिर बाहूड न चाखे//
He (Satguru) takes me out from the misery of cycle of birth and death. The poisonous sting maya does not affect me.    
Satguru is the only anchor and hope of the seeker who can relieve a human being out of the cycle of 84 and the realm of mind and maya. The deemed objective of human life is to attain Mukti or Moksha or salvation from the cycle of birth and death. लाख चौरासी जून सबाई मानस को प्रभ दी वडआयी, इस पौड़ी से जो नर चूके सो आये दुःख पय्येदा-- page 750 // only human beings by Divine Design are entitled for Mukti.
According to Gurbani page 129 (Third Guru) देवी देवा मूल है माया// सिम्रित सास्त जिनी उपाया//काम क्रोध पसर्या संसारे// आये जाये दुःख पाव्न्या// “The source, the root, of the gods and goddesses is Maya (the yearning for pleasure and the fear of pain). This Maya gave birth to the Simritees and the Shaastras (meaning, the Simritees and Shaastras were composed for the sake of obtaining of pleasure and getting rid of sorrow). Sexual desire and anger are diffused throughout the universe, as a result of which people come and go in the cycle of reincarnation and suffer in pain.
This in broader sense implies that even gods-goddesses or devi--devta or astral and causal entities, which according to Vedic mythology are 33 crores (330 millions)—including rulers of this Mayavi creations, Brahma, Vishnu, Mahesh cannot attain Moksha or Mukti unless born as human beings. Maya apart from being active in physical (स्थूल) world extends in subtle form in Andi (सूक्ष्म) and Barhamandi (कारण) regions.

Maya cannot attain Mukti. Mukti or the escape from the birth and death is feasible only when soul devoid of all external coverings merges in the Lord itself, beyond the expanse of mind and Maya—also called region of Sach Khand or Haq (in Sufism). The gift of human life is indeed very precious opportunity to redeem the lost glory of the soul stuck in the conundrum of lower and angelic species by following the due process of Bhakti Marg outlined by a Satguru. भाई प्राप्त मनूख देह्रिय्या// गोबिंद मिल्न कि एह तेरी बरिया// page 12.

Let us first define human life and process of birth and death...
Human life is a continued flow of inhaled and exhaled breaths within a destined karmic span of time and space also called Prlbadh karma.  Inhaling is birth, while exhaling is death. When this process is permanently impaired or what is called death in the physical plane or the end of destined karmic span -- we generally incarnate in other species.  The same breathing process in an alternate body commences at other level of karmic settlement with a renewed (Prlbadh) karmic destiny drawn out of Sinchit Karmas (stored karmas) of previous lives.
Births and deaths appear and disappear in the conundrum of time and space – that is the Maya's dualistic principle. We arrive on this planet without our consent and quit without our consent. Zuq –a poet, has given a very apt expression – लाई हयात, आये, कज़ा ले चली, चले// न अपनी ख़ुशी आये न अपनी ख़ुशी चले (life brought us, death removed us. We came and went not because of our own freewill (pleasure).

The intervening period of our so called “life” is full of joys and sorrows, pain and pleasure, death and disease and so on, intertwined with relatives, friends and worldly possessions/ passions which are devoid of reality and also beyond our control. They tie us in bondage (false ego-sense, Hoame or the feeling that “I exist” in distinction to others, including the Lord). This ego-self is the reason of our being  getting  re-entrenched in this creation time and again in the form of various species—many times below the level of human consciousness or even above where we are in perpetual misery although we feel gratified due to illusive effect of mind and maya.
The fear of death or getting non-existence from this temporal existence becomes perennial pain and fear in us. Says Ghalib—कैद्ये हयात और बन्दे गम असल में दोनों एक हैं //मौत से पहले बन्दा गम से निज़ात पाए क्यों.---man is imprisoned in life of grief –while path of life is bonded with sorrow.

The above is the traditional understanding. But the saints say “oh man –please introspect who dies and who lives कौन मुआ रे कौन मुआ ॥ ब्रह्म गियानी मिली बीचारा एह ताऊ चलत भया   (SGGS 885). O, who has died, who has died (i.e., in reality, the soul does not die). Meeting the Brahm-Giaanee (Brahm-realized, Gurmukh—the one who is blessed by the Satguru), upon inquiry or Vichaar, you will know that this (death) is the nature of temporal life.
अगली कीच खबर न पाई // रोवनहार भी उठ सिधाई// भरम मोह के बांधे बंध// सुपन भया ब्ख्लाये अंध// No one knows what happens next (after death...)The one who is lamenting (upon death) will also arise and depart (from this world). Mortal beings are bound by the bonds of doubt and attachment. (It is like) the (mentally) blind man who babbles and grieves in vain in dream!

What determines the direction of new birth after the death? It is the attachment to this creation!! There is a long description of reincarnations that we are directed depending upon pull of our possessiveness, given by Bhagat Trilochan in Gurbani page 526  अंत काल जो लछमी सिमरे ऐसी चिंता में जो मरे// सर्प जोन में वल वल औतारै--------
अंत कल जो नारायण सिमरे ऐसी चिंता मह जो मरे// बिदत त्रिलोचन ते न्र मुक्त पीताम्बर वा के रिद्दे बसे/

The question is whether it is worth living a life of come and go or whether it is preferable to liberate ourselves from the chained existence controlled by maya. The way forward is अंजन माह निरंजन रहीये जोग जुगत इव पाईये (Yoga or Union ) is attained by remaining unblemished in the midst of the worldly filth (Maya). (sggs 730).

The world of Maya when taken as reality gives us a feeling of fear, anxiety, limited and mortal.  When mind quits its focus on Maya and attaches himself to immortality of the ultimate Reality, the effect of Maya is nullified. Illusion is set at rest and troubles us no more

Gurbani says --मुक्ता सेवे मुक्त होवे// होमे ममता शब्दे खोवे//Saints or masters who themselves have attained Moksha can bless human beings for going beyond the state of mind and Maya. Then again --केते बंधन जी के गुरमुख मोख दुआर// There are so many entanglements for the soul. Only by the grace of Satguru do we find the Gate of Liberation (sggs 62).
Considering the entire complexity of Karma, Maya, and desires etc. a true living Guru suggests ways and means of diminishing our ego-attachment with this world by experiencing profound attachment to the melody of the music of spheres. When attachment with superior-most Shabad or nectar of immortality is attained, mind is automatically detached from the pull of the world.
Then the creation is not desired, even if living on this material plane. Mind is rendered dormant so far the Maya is concerned.  (मन मूसा पिंगल भया पी पारा हरी नाम). The soul is pulled to its origin because the weight of mind and maya is absent—and soul is then fit to attain Mukti or liberation from the karmic cycle from all planes of existence.
Mukti in other words is annihilation of the self or Fnaa (फना) or अपनी हस्ती नू नेस्तोनाबूद कर देना. A seed exterminates its existence in the soil to grow as a plant, flower and fruit. Says Allama Iqbal—मिटा दे अपनी हस्ती को अगर कोई मर्तबा चाहीये, कि दाना ख़ाक में मिलकर गुले गुलज़ार होता है //
Liberation does not mean death. It simply means total liberation from Mayavi intellect, etc. and attaining life eternal. Hence, if liberation is to be achieved, it has to be realized while living in the body. It has no value after death; for what happens after death is immaterial. This state of Jeevanmukta — living dead or one who "died before he died" or “Die to Live” — indicates the total demise of the false ego. This is the state in which one is not affected by the objective conditions, good or bad. कबीर जिस मरने ते जग डरे मेरे मन आनंद //मरने ही ते पाईये पूर्ण परमानन्द. Page 1365. 'Kabir, death, of which the whole world is terrified, is pleasing unto me; as it is in death alone, that one is blessed with the Supreme Bliss.
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गुर की महिमा कथन न जाये // गुर परमेसर साचे नाए// सच संजम करनी सभ साची// सो मन निर्मल जो गुर संग राची// page 1271
The glory of the Guru cannot be told or captured in words or thoughts because He is the embodiment of the Supreme Being as He is One with Nam or one with virtues of eternal.
His life is guided by discipline of Nam and all His deeds are consistent with truth of Nam. The mind/person who is engrossed in such a guru becomes pure—free of vices of mind and maya.  

But what is the concept of Guru or Satguru? According to diversity of religious convictions—remembrance of past Saints, Gurus, Sufis, Darveshs, Pir, Mahatma or reciting their holy verses is deemed bhakti or worship. Sant mat does acknowledge this devotion of external dimension to holy saints of the past which has manifold benefits “of mind world” for living life on this planet –but falls short of attaining salvation or Mukti or relief from the circle of 84, which is saturated with illusive pain and pleasure. 
Gurbani’s indication is for “living” Sant Satguru—who is Shabad Swroopi ““word made flesh” – of current time and space, who engages disciples in Shabad meditation of inner dimension—seeking the Lord within the human body.  Occasionally reference is made to बानी गुरु गुरु है बानी विच बानी अमृत सारे page 982 that God’s Nam or Dhun is the Guru and that can bless eternal life. Then the next line is गुर बानी कहे सेवक जाने माने परतख गुरु निसतारे the advice of Gurbani is that the seeker must seek the living Guru that can be seen with physical eyes as the guide for eternal emanicipation. Gurbani is replete with reference of Gurmukh and Manmukh—the former is devoted to the living guru and the latter to the Guru of one’s own mind/belief or concepts/  
A living satguru places his astral (shabad) form in the disciple and remains—अंग संग in this life and beyond—till the final redemption of the soul with the Supreme Being.
But before an implicit meaning of Mahima mentioned in this Kadi is described--- a very memorable incident is worth narrating of Bade Maharaj Ji (Hazur Maharaj Sawan Singh Ji) which based upon the following Shabad —
पिंगल परबत पार परे खल चतर बकीता
अन्ध्ले त्रिभुवन सूझ्या गुर भेट पुनीता
महिमा साधु संत की सुन मेरे मीता
मैल खोई कोट अघ हरे निर्मल भये चीता –fifth guru page 809
“Gurbani says – that a crippled or disabled person can cross over the mountain; a foolish person (like a donkey) can convey the wisdom of four Vedas. A blind can experience three inner worlds and can be purified from vices by surrendering to the Satguru. This is the glory of Guru. All filth of millions of sins is washed away and one acquires immaculate consciousness”.    
A seeker humbly asked Hazur—how the above stated unique phenomenon can ever occur? Hazur replied “न तुसी पहाड़ नू देखो; न मूर्ख (खोते) नू देखो// न तुसी अन्ने नू देखो; न ही कर्मा दी मैल नू देखो; तुसी बस सतगुरु दी महिमा, रहमत ते वडयाई नू देखो//   
Guru’s greatness cannot be captured in thought and words for the simple reason that He is the Lord Himself that has descended to the level of human being for the sole purpose of redemption of marked souls through the medium of His power of Nam, Shabad, Word, Kun, Dhun, Anhad bani. गुरमुख नादम गुरमुख वेदम गुरमुख रिहा समाई// गुर ईसर गरु गोरख बरमा गुर पारबती माई// (page 2)Guru is the Nam, repository of wisdom of all Vedas  and pervasive everywhere. Guru is also working through Siva, Brahma and Parvathi and Lakshmi—implying that all entities irrespective of their hierarchy abide by the commandments of Guru.
सतगुर विच आप रखिओं क्र परगट आख सुनाया “God hath placed Himself within the guru, which He explicitly explained” (Page, 466).
गुर करता गुर करने जोग गुर परमेसर है भी होग// कह नानक गुर प्रभ एही जनाई// बिन गुर मुक्त न पाईये भाई   “Acknowledge the Transcendent God and the guru as one “. Lord has advised that none can redeem without the intervention of Guru. (Page, 864).
Jesus said –“I and father are one. He that has seen me has seen the Father; and how says you then, Show us the Father? Believe you not that I am in the Father, and the Father in me?
God created “man in his own image” sent them to creation and he dons the human form to end the duality between the man and Him. लोहा पारस भेटइय कंचन होया आयेpage 1245  
Supreme Being has determined this immutable path of His realization or Mukti, which is revealed thus in Gurbani---- बिन सतगुर कोई नाम न पावे प्रभ ऐसी बनत बनाई है—page 1046// There is no answer to the question as to why He enunciated this law of His Realization.
Gurbani says – जिन तिन भेजे तिने बुलाये सहज सेती घर आयो page 678 the one who sent you has now called you through the living Satguru; return your home now in peace and equanimity.
Says Jesus-- I am the good shepherd. I know my sheep as the Father knows me. My sheep know me as I know the Father.
In Sufism –the concept of the Guru as Murshid is well narrated by Baba Bulle shah and Hazrat sultan Bahu.
फड़ मुर्शिद अब्द  खुदाई हो// विच मस्ती बे परवाही हो //
Says Hazrat Sultan Bahu—
मुर्शिद दा दीदार वे बाहू मेनू लाख करोड़ा ह्ज्जां हू//

The other distinct features of Guru’s ethos are---

1    --the reality is “revealed” to them by the Divine, while the Philosophers and scientists of “reason” rely upon logic of mind and science.
Kabir/ Guru Nanak Sahib and Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) state the following of such revelations about God.
Ø कह कबीर हम धुर के भेदी हुकम हजूरी लायेकबीर 
Ø जैसे में आवे खसम की बानी तेस्ड़ा करूँ ज्ञान वे लालोगुरु नानक 
Ø ला इलाही इल अल्लाह मुहम्मद रासुल्लाहमुहम्मद साहिब//
(The philosophers and scientist are simply measuring the effect of illusive projections to some extent by instrumentation of higher mind.)

2    -- Oneness with Lord through Love (Ishq). They consider the path of love (Ishq)-or Bhakti Marg or Prem Marg evoked through meditation of Nam. Normally religious philosophies stress the path of shariyat  or karm kand , but these pursuits are limited to the fulfillment of physical and mental wellbeing rather than accomplishing spirituality. The essentiality of love is underscored because it is through the blessed love it is possible to live in Raza or Bhana—that is the condition precedent for Divine Realization.
Ø मेरा मन लोचे गुर दर्शन ताइयीं
Ø सतगुर तो सत भाव (प्रेम) है जो अस भेद बताये//धन्य शिश धन भाग जो ऐसी सुध आये //---कबीर साहिब
Ø Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind" , "Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself
Ø भक्ति इश्क प्रेम यह तीनो नाम भेद अहि रूप समान//बहती और भगवंत एक हैं प्रेम रूप तू सतगुर जान—सोअमी जी
Ø साहिब के दरबार में केवल भक्ति प्यार ---पलटू साहिब
Ø मिल मेरे प्रीतम जीयो मैं तुध बिन खड़ी निमानी ---गुरबानी  
Ø जिन प्रेम किया तिन ही प्रभ पाया—गुरु गोबिंद सिंह
Ø इश्क असंआ नाल एही कीते लोग मरेंदे ताने –बाबा बुल्ले शाह
Ø जिन्हां इश्क न ख्रीद्येअ बाहू ओह दोनों जहानी मारे हु ---बाहू
3    ---A perfect master cannot be found or accessed by the seeker.  It is the Guru who himself finds and initiates his marked souls as per destined Divine plan. When the chela is ready guru appears is the well-known saying.
Ø आपन लिये जे मिले ता विछड़ क्यों रोवन// साध संग पराप्ते नानक रंग मनन // --गुरबानी
Ø गुर ते महल प्राप्ते जे लिखया होवे मथ –गुरबानी
Ø “All things have been committed to me by my Father. No one knows the Son except the Father, and no one knows the Father except the Son and those to whom the Son chooses to reveal him”.Bible
Satguru himself leads a life of the truth, faith, trust, discipline, meditation, love, living in Raza-- that He preaches to aspirants. That is how the antics of mind can be reined and then it becomes a friend of the soul for upward journey to spiritual worlds.
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गुर पूरा पाईये वडभाग//काम क्रोध लोभ मन ते त्याग // कर किरपा गुर चरण निवास// नानक की प्रभ सच अरदास //
Guru Sahib is praying to the Lord with utmost humility—that bless the seeker with the grace of the True living guru so that he is fortunate enough to shed five perversions of mind by surrendering to the Shabad Guru.  भाग होया गुर संत मिलाया प्रभ अबनासी घर में पाया// once the Divine blesses the intermediation of a true living Satguru—effect of mind and maya is nullified and Shabd manifests. Our own efforts are limited—but his Grace is unlimited.
लेखा कीते न छूटे खिन खिन भूलन हार // बक्ष्ण हारे बक्श ले नानक पार उतार //   
To conclude—बाबा जग फाथा महा जाल//गुर परसादी उबरे साचा नाम स्माल // सतगुर है बोहिथा शब्द लंगह्व्न्हार//
Oh Man/my dear brother—you are stuck in a complex netted mesh of illusion and estrangements. You can get out of this miserable plight by the grace of a Guru who can bless you with the devotion of Nam; swim across this deceptive ocean of existence by sitting on the ship of Satguru that is propelled by the power of Shabad.